Qutub Minar: A Wonder of Mediaeval Architecture
One of India's most famous structures, the Qutub Minar is situated in Mehrauli,
Delhi, and is a UNESCO World Heritage Site. This massive minaret is a
historical landmark and a masterpiece of Indo-Islamic architecture, signifying
the establishment of Muslim rule in India.
History
and Construction
- The construction of Qutub Minar began in 1192 by
Qutb-ud-din Aibak, the founder of the Delhi Sultanate, after his
victory over the Rajputs.
- It was completed in 1220 by his successor, Iltutmish,
and later restored by Firoz Shah Tughlaq and other rulers.
- The structure was built to commemorate the victory of
Muslim rule and to serve as a minaret for the adjoining Quwwat-ul-Islam
Mosque, the first mosque in India.
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Architectural
Features
- Standing at a height of 73 meters (240 feet),
Qutub Minar has five distinct stories, each marked by a projecting
balcony.
- The first three stories are made of red sandstone,
while the fourth and fifth are constructed from marble and sandstone.
- Its intricate carvings include verses from the Quran
and decorative patterns inspired by Islamic art.
- At the base of the minar lies the Iron Pillar,
an ancient metallurgical wonder that has resisted rust for over a thousand
years.
Historical and Cultural Importance
Qutub Minar is a representation of the Delhi Sultanate's architectural genius
and the fusion of Islamic and Hindu workmanship.
Other historical sites, including the Alai Darwaza, the Alai Minar, and the
tombs of notable people, are located on the grounds around the minar.
Recognition and Tourism
As a UNESCO World Heritage Site, Qutub Minar attracts millions of visitors annually, showcasing the grandeur of medieval Indian architecture and history. It remains a symbol of Delhi's rich and diverse cultural heritage.
